A common problem of beginning writers is wallowing around in a topic too wide for their purposes. General words such as "media,""war," "life,"or "nature"are often incorrectly used as if they were topics (even "dragons"is too broad). However, students often begin to write essays with nothing more in mind than a general concept, and the result is a vague and generalized essay, of little interest to the student and less to the instructor. If you start with a broad area, concentrate on narrowing your subject刬t will also help you deal with your topic within the length of the paper assigned and the time you have been given to complete it.
You can narrow your topic by considering a particular approach to the subject, or a sub-topic within it. You might ask yourself key questions, such as the following:
Dragons
Am I writing of one specific species of dragon, or of dragons in general?
What kind of dragon do I wish to write about? Chinese? Fire-breathers? Kites?
What activities, qualities, or myths of that particular dragon do I wish to explore?
War
Am I writing of one war or of war in general?
Which war do I wish to write about? WWI? WWII? The Gulf War? "War"taken more metaphorically刡etween the sexes, siblings, or members of different races?
Am I concentrating on the history of the war itself, or its causes or outcome?
What specific events or examples will illustrate my points?
In deriving a workable topic from your subject, be careful not to narrow it too far; your topic must provide scope to develop a sustained presentation and argument.
General subject: Media
Narrowed topic: Commercials
Specific topic: How commercials manipulate their audience
General subject: Dragons
Narrowed topic: Fire-breathing dragons
Specific topic: Problems in fighting the medieval fire-breathing dragon.
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