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过去完成时(2)

时间:2010-09-05来源:作文地带栏目:英语语法作者:英语词汇 英语作文收藏:收藏本文
例如: After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English. 马克思到达英格兰之后,努力提高他的英语水平。 (7)动词think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实

    例如: After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English.

    马克思到达英格兰之后,努力提高他的英语水平。

    (7)动词think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法,希望,打算或意图等。

    例如: They had wanted to help but could not get there in time.

    他们本来打算去帮忙,但没有及时赶到那里。

    We had hoped to be able to come and see you .

    我们本来希望能来看看你。

    (8)过去完成时还可用在hardly…when…, no sooner…than…, It was the first (second, etc)

    time (that)…等固定句型中。

    例如: Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.

    他刚开始演讲,听众就打断了他。

    No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.

    他刚到就又走了。

    It was the third time that he had been out of work that year.

    这是他那一年第三次失业了。

    时间状语

    before,when,after,by+,until, once,had no sooner……than

  [编辑本段]过去完成时-语法判定

    1. 由时间状语来判定

    一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有:

    ( 1 ) by + 过去的时间点。如:

    I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.

    ( 2 ) by the end of + 过去的时间点。如:

    We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.

    ( 3 ) before + 过去的时间点。如:

    They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.

    2. 由"过去的过去"来判定。

    过去完成时表示"过去的过去",是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作,即动作有先后关系,动作在前的用过去完成时,在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在:

    ( 1 )宾语从句中

    当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时,且从句的动作先于主句的动作时,从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如:

    She said that she had seen the film before.

    ( 2 )状语从句中

    在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中,主、从句的动作发生有先后关系,动作在前的,要用过去完成时,动作在后的要用一般过去时。如:

    After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.

    注意: before, after 引导的时间状语从句中,由于 before 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系,若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连,则主、从句都用一般过去时。如:

    After he closed the door, he left the classroom.

    (3)表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…"

    We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.

    3. 根据作文-地带提供上、下文来判定。

    I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.

  [编辑本段]过去完成时-语法区别

    一、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别

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